https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticultureen-USTelligent Community 13 Non-Productionhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticultureTue, 18 Jun 2024 15:26:30 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659GuildSomm Adminhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsCurrent Revision posted to Expert Guides by GuildSomm Admin on 6/18/2024 3:26:30 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="font-size: 90%;">Tags: Preview</div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/141Tue, 26 Dec 2023 15:57:04 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22387https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 141 posted to Expert Guides by user22387 on 12/26/2023 3:57:04 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/140Tue, 31 Jan 2023 17:13:30 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 140 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 1/31/2023 5:13:30 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/139Fri, 04 Dec 2020 20:33:12 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 139 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/4/2020 8:33:12 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/138Fri, 04 Dec 2020 20:30:55 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 138 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/4/2020 8:30:55 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/137Fri, 04 Dec 2020 19:28:33 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 137 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/4/2020 7:28:33 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/136Fri, 04 Dec 2020 19:26:20 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 136 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/4/2020 7:26:20 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/135Tue, 29 Sep 2020 12:55:45 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659GuildSomm Adminhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 135 posted to Expert Guides by GuildSomm Admin on 9/29/2020 12:55:45 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/134Fri, 25 Sep 2020 16:02:23 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user33359https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 134 posted to Expert Guides by user33359 on 9/25/2020 4:02:23 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/133Fri, 25 Sep 2020 15:57:34 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user33359https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 133 posted to Expert Guides by user33359 on 9/25/2020 3:57:34 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/132Thu, 24 Sep 2020 15:34:52 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user33359https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 132 posted to Expert Guides by user33359 on 9/24/2020 3:34:52 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/131Thu, 17 Sep 2020 20:11:29 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 131 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 8:11:29 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/130Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:36:48 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659GuildSomm Adminhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 130 posted to Expert Guides by GuildSomm Admin on 9/17/2020 7:36:48 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/129Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:33:05 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 129 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:33:05 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/128Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:28:46 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 128 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:28:46 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/127Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:27:01 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 127 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:27:01 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/126Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:25:11 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 126 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:25:11 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/125Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:05:15 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 125 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:05:15 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/124Thu, 17 Sep 2020 19:02:11 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 124 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 7:02:11 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of <span class="widow-no-wrap">the vine&rsquo;s environment.</span></p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/123Thu, 17 Sep 2020 18:51:08 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 123 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 6:51:08 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of the vine&rsquo;s environment.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture/revision/122Thu, 17 Sep 2020 18:46:31 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659user12694https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2450/viticulture#commentsRevision 122 posted to Expert Guides by user12694 on 9/17/2020 6:46:31 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Domestication of the Grapevine</li> <li>Vine Anatomy</li> <li>Grapevine Taxonomy</li> <li>Climate</li> <li>Soil</li> <li>Vineyard Establishment</li> <li>A Year in the Vineyard</li> <li>Vineyard Operations</li> <li>Pests &amp; Diseases</li> <li>Farming Philosophies</li> <li>The Future of Farming</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes are a unique agricultural product. While more than half go toward the production of wine, they are also grown to be dried into raisins or eaten fresh. Grapes command more return per acre than almost any other plant, and in 2018, a single hectare of grand cru vineyard in Burgundy cost over seven million dollars on average. Further, unlike many crops that are planted each growing season, vineyards are a long-term investment&mdash;they require several years to become established and are designed to survive for decades.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Unlike many commodity plants, the profitability of wine grapes is driven by quality, which includes the grape&rsquo;s ability to convey a unique sense of place. While other agricultural crops look to new varieties for flavor improvement, disease resistance, and adaptations to climate, most wine producers rely on a small number of established cultivars. Site selection and vineyard practices, however, are critical, since improvement is achieved through management of the vine&rsquo;s environment.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Domestication of the Grapevine <p style="text-align:justify;">Grapes were one of the first fruits to be domesticated by humans. In ancient times, they were prized for their high levels of sugar, a source of both nutrition and novelty. Most of the grape varieties used in wine production belong to a single species, Vitis vinifera, which was first domesticated from wild grapevines, called Vitis vinifera <span>subsp. </span>sylvestris&nbsp;(or Vitis sylvestris), at least 7,000 years ago in the land between the Black, Caspian, and Mediterranean Seas. As nomadic people settled into an agrarian lifestyle, they carried grapevines south to Mesopotamia. Domestic vinifera grapes were spread from the Fertile Crescent throughout the Mediterranean and Europe, driven by the westward migration of</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: '92e7e7ac-9036-4856-b81d-6a2a6f635659' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div>