https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wineen-USTelligent Community 13 Non-Productionhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wineMon, 06 Jan 2025 14:46:41 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22387https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsCurrent Revision posted to Expert Guides by user22387 on 1/6/2025 2:46:41 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Cyprus</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="font-size: 90%;">Tags: Preview</div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/47Fri, 20 Dec 2024 17:46:14 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 47 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 5:46:14 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Cyprus</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="font-size: 90%;">Tags: Preview</div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/46Fri, 20 Dec 2024 17:24:38 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeGuildSomm Adminhttps://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 46 posted to Expert Guides by GuildSomm Admin on 12/20/2024 5:24:38 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> <div style="font-size: 90%;">Tags: Preview</div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/45Fri, 20 Dec 2024 17:12:22 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 45 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 5:12:22 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/44Fri, 20 Dec 2024 17:06:46 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 44 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 5:06:46 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/43Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:54:28 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 43 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:54:28 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/42Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:43:04 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 42 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:43:04 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/41Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:35:28 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 41 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:35:28 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/40Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:29:44 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 40 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:29:44 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/39Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:28:59 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 39 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:28:59 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/38Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:27:50 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 38 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:27:50 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/37Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:26:29 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 37 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:26:29 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/36Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:21:26 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 36 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:21:26 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/35Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:20:14 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 35 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:20:14 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/34Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:19:20 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 34 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:19:20 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/33Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:16:56 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 33 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:16:56 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/32Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:14:53 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 32 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:14:53 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/31Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:14:18 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 31 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:14:18 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/30Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:10:36 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 30 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:10:36 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/29Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:09:18 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 29 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:09:18 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div> https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine/revision/28Fri, 20 Dec 2024 16:06:35 GMT8277e151-5ba9-4335-93f0-6f497ffb8dc4:bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3eeuser22151https://stage.guildsomm.com/research/expert_guides/w/expert-guides/2684/fortified-wine#commentsRevision 28 posted to Expert Guides by user22151 on 12/20/2024 4:06:35 PM<br /> <div class="paywall-restricted"><p><a name="top"></a></p> <div class="style_box"> Contents <ol> <li>Defining Fortified Wines</li> <li>History of Fortified Wines</li> <li>Portugal</li> <li>Spain</li> <li>France</li> <li>Italy</li> <li>Greece</li> <li>Australia</li> <li>South Africa</li> <li>United States</li> <li>Fortified Wines in Restaurants</li> <li>Bibliography</li> </ol> </div> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wine is integral to the history of the world of beverages. Its legacy was established in the 1600s as the wine trade rounded the Cape of Good Hope and crossed the Atlantic Ocean. Fortification, popularized by the British, made it possible for wines to survive during these long trips.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines have a huge diversity across the spectrum of their incarnations, and there are wide-ranging offerings within their respective categories. In terms of price, they vary as much as their unfortified counterparts. They are dry, sweet, and all points in between. They can be unaged or complexed by oxidative maturation, mass-produced or the preserve of savvy enthusiasts. Some are drunk very young, when vibrantly fruity. Others are consumed as 200-year-old vinous treasures. The variances of style are virtually limitless.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">Today, fortified wines constitute 5% to 10% of global wine production, with a market value of around US$19 billion. This guide focuses on the world&rsquo;s most important fortified wines, ranging from the Iberian classics to France&rsquo;s vins doux naturels to Cape Port. These are the wines, appearing on restaurant lists and in retail settings in the major wine markets globally, that are important for expert-level professionals to understand.</p> <p><a name="01"></a></p> Defining Fortified Wines <p style="text-align:justify;">Fortified wines are defined by the addition of distilled grape-based spirit before, during, or after alcoholic fermentation. All fortified wines have elevated alcohol, and each category is made using a distinct method of production that sets it apart from other categories. In this respect, these wines could be considered more &ldquo;made,&rdquo; or manipulated, than their unfortified or dry wine counterparts.</p> <p style="text-align:justify;">The timing of fortification is crucial in the manufacture of fortified wines as, depending on the addition</p></div><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.restricted', { contentId: 'bf42d6f7-76e8-4a39-96d1-f15f3dbce3ee' }); }); }); </script><script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function(){ jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.subscribe('paywall.ready', function (data) { jQuery.telligent.evolution.messaging.publish('paywall.displayPopup', { }); }); }); </script><div style="clear:both;"></div>